136 JOURNAL OF COSMETIC SCIENCE 1=-0.859 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Age Figure 3. Individual plots of standard wrinkle grades for the eye corners according to age. The standard wrinkle grade for the eye corners was strongly correlated with age (r = 0.859, p 0.001). r=0.803 - , - i ß , ß i ß i i ß 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Age Figure 4. Individual plots of standard wrinkle grade for the cheek according to age. The standard wrinkle grade for the cheek was well-correlated with age (r = 0.803, p 0.001). slightly more consistent with the standard grades. This may be because the probability of consistency was decreased due merely to the greater number of scoring grades in the nine-grade scale. In addition, in the subject group used for the five-grade evaluation, many grade 4 or 5 cases were observed, and their scoring was therefore easy. In our experience, it is desirable to use a scale appropriate to the degree of wrinkles in the group to be evaluated. Concerning the effects of the facial site (forehead and eye corners) on the scoring, the

ASSESSMENT OF FACIAL WRINKLES 137 Site Eye corners Forehead Lower eyelids Upper eyelids Mouth angles Nasolabial groove Cheeks Glabella s'o 7'0 9'0 Slope of linear regression line Figure 5. Slope of linear regression line (standard wrinkle grade vs. age) variation for several facial sites. agreement with the grade standards differed between these sites. This may be because scoring was more difficult at the forehead than at the eye corners, and because there were many subjects with a high score at the eye corners and many with a low score at the forehead even in the same group. As was observed with the nine-grade scale, the scoring of wrinkles of a low degree was difficult. Griffiths et al. (8) and Larnier et aL (9) performed a scoring of photoaging using whole-face photos and suggested that photo standards cannot be used for such a purpose for Mongoloid populations in the Far East because pigmentation rather than wrinkles is Site Cheeks Mouth angles Glabella Forehead Nasolabial groove Upper eyelids Lower eyelids Eye corners 30 40 50 60 The age at wrinkle score 3 Figure 6. The age at wrinkle score 3 (obtained from the slope of the linear approximate equation).