JOURNAL OF COSMETIC SCIENCE 184 Table IV Antiwrinkle Parameters after 28 and 56 Days of Gac Extract Cream Use  Number of subjects exhibiting the expected effect (%) Parameter Kinetic (mean ± SEM) % on average p Signifi cance Ra (μm) (28-D0) −0.64 ± 0.30 −3 0.048 Yes 75 Rz (μm) (28-D0) −4.32 ± 1.77 −4 0.025 Yes 70 Rt (μm) (28-D0) −7.45 ± 2.77 −4 0.015 Yes 75 Ra (μm) (56-D0) −0.93 ± 0.44 −4 0.049 Yes 70 Rz (μm) (56-D0) −6.48 ± 2.40 −5 0.014 Yes 75 Rt (μm) (56-D0) −9.28 ± 3.31 −5 0.011 Yes 75 p values 0.05 were regarded as signifi cant. After 56 days of twice-daily use, the product induced an average increase in the L* parameter of [−0.12 and +0.16AU (p = 0.486 and p = 0.265), this effect was observed in 32% (7 of 22 subjects) and 45% (10 of 22 subjects) of subjects exhibiting the expected effect after 28 and 56 days, respectively]. Parameter b* of [+0.09 and +0.11AU (p = 0.439 and p = 0.557), this effect was observed in 59% (13 of 22 subjects) and 32% (7 of 22 subjects) of subjects exhibiting the expected effect after 28 and 56 days, respectively]. The prod- uct induced an average increase in the ITA° of [−0.4 and +0.3AU (p = 0.329 and p = 0.393), this effect was observed in 23% (5 of 22 subjects) and 32% (7 of 22 subjects) of subjects exhibiting the expected effect after 28 and 56 days, respectively]. Antiwrinkle effect. Antioxidants with vitamin A maintain cells and promote a healthy im- mune system, which is known to weaken with age (1,28). The Gac cream signifi cantly decreased wrinkles described in Table IV (p value 0.05) as well as average roughness (Ra) [−0.64 and −0.93 μm after 28 and 56 days (p = 0.048 and p = 0.049), respectively], the average relief (Rz) [−4.32 and −6.48 μm (p = 0.025 and p = 0.014), respectively], and the average relief amplitude (Rt) [−7.45 and −9.28 μm (p = 0.015 and p = 0.011), respec- tively]. Thus, the cream exhibited signifi cant smoothing and antiwrinkle effi cacy. The reduction of skin wrinkles as classifi ed using the colors detected using the device. The blue color represents the deepest areas, followed by green, red, orange and yellow yellow represents the highest areas. It illustrates that deep wrinkles were reduced after 28 days and further reduced after 56 days of Gac cream application illustrated by Figure 6. Gac cream treatment for 56 days signifi cantly improved all parameters. The skin was signifi cantly smoother after 56 days of twice daily application. The skin exhibited wrinkle reduction after 8 weeks of application. Thus, a cream formulation that includes Gac extract can help skin retain water and protect it from oxidative damage. Skin overlook via visia. Gac extract exerts great protective effects against oxidative damage to the skin (9). After product application, the subjects were “overlook checked” using the VISIA machine on day 0, day 28, and day 56. The subjects exhibited signifi cant changes in skin roughness relief as well as skin lightening in Figure 7. Safety test. M. cochinchinensis Spreng or Gac fruit is nontoxic in cosmetic applications (11). The acute skin tolerance for Gac extract (application under an occlusive patch over a 48 h period on adult subjects with normal skin) revealed that this extract is nonirritating at

CLINICAL EVALUATION OF GAC EXTRACT 185 Figure 6. Primos illustrations from the subject with the most extensive visual results. Figure 7. The subject was overlook checked after product application. The subject with the best visual re- sults exhibited skin roughness reduction and skin lightening.