Table VI Eight Application Groups of Mean Hydration Change Rates, HCRs of Normal Skin at Every Test Point Mean HCR (%), N = 18 Groups T-T C+ T C C-S CONTROL C-T T+ 2 h 25.68 ± 21.05 74.37 ± 24.98 27.25 ± 17.51 68.71 ± 21.43 67.84 ± 28.95 1.81 ± 6.40 62.06 ± 24.26 79.24 ±30.80 4 h 34.86 ± 19.68 60.02 ± 22.90 21.81 ± 13.91 55.45 ± 15.03 37.77 ± 21.27 1.30 ± 4.70 51.28 ± 22.60 60.9 ± 22.48 6 h 36.29 ± 20.00 47.52 ± 18.67 17.77 ± 11.75 44.33 ± 14.31 23.03 ± 17.95 1.54 ± 5.90 50.2 ± 20.61 51.81 ± 24.11 8 h 44.04 ± 23.86 40.88 ± 18.63 11.35 ± 13.86 37.39 ± 13.57 18.96 ± 16.86 1.63 ± 5.35 48.28 ± 20.58 43.53 ± 18.13 Table V Eight Application Groups of Mean HCRs of Normal Skin at Every Test Point The mean HCRs of normal skin (%), N=22 Groups T-T CT+ T C C-S CONTROL C-T T+C 2 h 27.24 ± 10.06 62.17 ± 17.52 25.55 ± 11.28 58.74 ± 15.54 56.95 ± 17.00 0.57 ± 5.88 56.9 ± 14.24 61.09 ± 30.50 4 h 35.19 ± 12.09 49.83 ± 18.76 20.66 ± 12.35 51.38 ± 14.80 43.02 ± 18.40 0.35 ± 4.50 54.75 ± 19.84 50.7 ± 21.87 6 h 41.08 ± 11.24 40.86 ± 19.16 16.65 ± 10.46 43.02 ± 16.29 33.77 ± 19.68 -0.38 ± 5.66 55.9 ± 17.98 42.44 ± 23.10 8 h 43.24 ± 12.64 35.35 ± 18.62 12.98 ± 12.15 35.87 ± 16.32 24.63 ± 17.42 -1.44 ± 5.46 53.84 ± 13.25 34.21 ± 17.70 EFFECT OF MOISTURIZERS (COMBINED OR SINGLE) ON THE SKIN 181

JOURNAL OF COSMETIC SCIENCE 182 Figure 3. For normal skin (hydration value at baseline 35 a.u.). *Signifi cant differences could be detected at 6 and 8 h test points when compared C-T zone to C+T, T+C, and C zones ( p 0.05) #Signifi cantly higher hydration compared to the control zone ( p 0.05). Figure 4. For dry skin (hydration value at baseline 35 a.u.). *No signifi cant differences could be detected when compared C+ T, T+C, C zones with C-T zone ( p 0.05). pentanediol, adipic acid, glycerin cross-polymer that serve as emollient (17), may also form a moisturizing layer at a certain concentration, thus four times applications of toner is distinguished from just one time application. CONCLUSION The combination of cream and toner and their application order had little or no effect on the skin hydration. Single use of cream was effi cacious and was an easy way to achieve favorable moisturization especially for dry skin. It was convenient and effec- tive to apply toner repeatedly as a complement for normal skin, but not necessary for