199 IN VIVO ELONGATION OF TOPICALLY APPLIED FATTY ACIDS
(11) Janssens M, van Smeden J, Gooris GS, et al. Increase in short-chain ceramides correlates with an
altered lipid organization and decreased barrier function in atopic eczema patients. J Lipid Res.
2012 53(12):2755–2766.
(12) Ishikawa J, Narita H, Kondo N, et al. Changes in the ceramide profile of atopic dermatitis patients.
J Invest Dermatol. 2010 130(10):2511–2514.
(13) Rogers J, Harding C, Mayo A, Banks J, Rawlings A. Stratum corneum lipids: the effect of ageing and
the seasons. Arch Dermatol Res. 1996 288(12):765–770.
(14) Wei KS, Stella C, Wehmeyer KR, et al. Effects of season on stratum corneum barrier function and skin
biomarkers. J Cosmet Sci. 2016 67(3):185–203.
(15) Ishikawa J, Yoshida H, Ito S, et al. Dry skin in the winter is related to the ceramide profile in the
stratum corneum and can be improved by treatment with a Eucalyptus extract. J Cosmet Dermatol.
2013 12(1):3–11.
(16) Ananthapadmanabhan KP, Yang L, Vincent C, et al. A novel technology in mild and moisturizing
cleansing liquids. Cosmet Dermatol. 2009 22:307–316.
(17) Ananthapadmanabhan KP, Mukherjee S, Chandar P. Stratum corneum fatty acids: their critical role in
preserving barrier integrity during cleansing. Int J Cosmet Sci. 2013 35(4):337–345.
(18) Zhang Q, Flach CR, Mendelsohn R, et al. Topically applied ceramide accumulates in skin glyphs. Clin
Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2015 8:329–337.
(19) Murphy B, Grimshaw S, Hoptroff M, et al. Alteration of barrier properties, stratum corneum
ceramides and microbiome composition in response to lotion application on cosmetic dry skin. Sci Rep.
2022 12(1):5223.
(20) Mukherjee S, Edmunds M, Lei X, Ottaviani MF, Ananthapadmanabhan KP, Turro NJ. Stearic acid
delivery to corneum from a mild and moisturizing cleanser. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2010 9(3):202–210.
(21) Yarova G, Hermanson K, Lathrop W, et al. 27601 Delivering nutrient benefits from cleansers to
the skin through enhanced ceramide production and continuous nourishment. J Am Acad Dermatol.
2021 85(3):AB154.
(22) Ertel K., Keswick B., Bryant P. A forearm controlled application technique for estimating the relative
mildness of personal cleansing products. J Soc Cosmet Chem. 1995 46:67–76.
(23) Bligh EG, Dyer WJ. A rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification. Can J Biochem Physiol.
1959 37(8):911–917.
(24) Naoi M, Lee YC, Roseman S. Rapid and sensitive determination of sphingosine bases and sphingolipids
with fluorescamine. Anal Biochem. 1974 58(2):571–577.
(25) Lathrop W, Yarova G, Dadd T, et al. 15959 Topically applied lotions containing fatty acids provide
nourishment to the skin through maturation of the lipid matrix. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2020 83(6):AB165.
(26) Thakoersing VS, van Smeden J, Boiten WA, et al. Modulation of stratum corneum lipid composition
and organization of human skin equivalents by specific medium supplements. Exp Dermatol.
2015 24(9):669–674.
(27) Wang Y, Botolin D, Xu J, et al. Regulation of hepatic fatty acid elongase and desaturase expression in
diabetes and obesity. J Lipid Res. 2006 47(9):2028–2041.
(28) Nechev JT, Edvinsen GK, Eilertsen KE. Fatty acid composition of the lipids from Atlantic salmon—
comparison of two extraction methods without halogenated solvents. Foods. 2021 10(1):1–12.
(11) Janssens M, van Smeden J, Gooris GS, et al. Increase in short-chain ceramides correlates with an
altered lipid organization and decreased barrier function in atopic eczema patients. J Lipid Res.
2012 53(12):2755–2766.
(12) Ishikawa J, Narita H, Kondo N, et al. Changes in the ceramide profile of atopic dermatitis patients.
J Invest Dermatol. 2010 130(10):2511–2514.
(13) Rogers J, Harding C, Mayo A, Banks J, Rawlings A. Stratum corneum lipids: the effect of ageing and
the seasons. Arch Dermatol Res. 1996 288(12):765–770.
(14) Wei KS, Stella C, Wehmeyer KR, et al. Effects of season on stratum corneum barrier function and skin
biomarkers. J Cosmet Sci. 2016 67(3):185–203.
(15) Ishikawa J, Yoshida H, Ito S, et al. Dry skin in the winter is related to the ceramide profile in the
stratum corneum and can be improved by treatment with a Eucalyptus extract. J Cosmet Dermatol.
2013 12(1):3–11.
(16) Ananthapadmanabhan KP, Yang L, Vincent C, et al. A novel technology in mild and moisturizing
cleansing liquids. Cosmet Dermatol. 2009 22:307–316.
(17) Ananthapadmanabhan KP, Mukherjee S, Chandar P. Stratum corneum fatty acids: their critical role in
preserving barrier integrity during cleansing. Int J Cosmet Sci. 2013 35(4):337–345.
(18) Zhang Q, Flach CR, Mendelsohn R, et al. Topically applied ceramide accumulates in skin glyphs. Clin
Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2015 8:329–337.
(19) Murphy B, Grimshaw S, Hoptroff M, et al. Alteration of barrier properties, stratum corneum
ceramides and microbiome composition in response to lotion application on cosmetic dry skin. Sci Rep.
2022 12(1):5223.
(20) Mukherjee S, Edmunds M, Lei X, Ottaviani MF, Ananthapadmanabhan KP, Turro NJ. Stearic acid
delivery to corneum from a mild and moisturizing cleanser. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2010 9(3):202–210.
(21) Yarova G, Hermanson K, Lathrop W, et al. 27601 Delivering nutrient benefits from cleansers to
the skin through enhanced ceramide production and continuous nourishment. J Am Acad Dermatol.
2021 85(3):AB154.
(22) Ertel K., Keswick B., Bryant P. A forearm controlled application technique for estimating the relative
mildness of personal cleansing products. J Soc Cosmet Chem. 1995 46:67–76.
(23) Bligh EG, Dyer WJ. A rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification. Can J Biochem Physiol.
1959 37(8):911–917.
(24) Naoi M, Lee YC, Roseman S. Rapid and sensitive determination of sphingosine bases and sphingolipids
with fluorescamine. Anal Biochem. 1974 58(2):571–577.
(25) Lathrop W, Yarova G, Dadd T, et al. 15959 Topically applied lotions containing fatty acids provide
nourishment to the skin through maturation of the lipid matrix. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2020 83(6):AB165.
(26) Thakoersing VS, van Smeden J, Boiten WA, et al. Modulation of stratum corneum lipid composition
and organization of human skin equivalents by specific medium supplements. Exp Dermatol.
2015 24(9):669–674.
(27) Wang Y, Botolin D, Xu J, et al. Regulation of hepatic fatty acid elongase and desaturase expression in
diabetes and obesity. J Lipid Res. 2006 47(9):2028–2041.
(28) Nechev JT, Edvinsen GK, Eilertsen KE. Fatty acid composition of the lipids from Atlantic salmon—
comparison of two extraction methods without halogenated solvents. Foods. 2021 10(1):1–12.








































































