74 JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF COSMETIC CHEMISTS Possible units represented by R: L--Ara!-- L--Am/' ,•. SL--Ara/-- ,8-c-Ara•' ? c--Ara/-- L--Afar' •- •---Araf -----,-- •---Ara/'-- ß ,•-L--Arap-•*,- L--Araf' -• L--Ara!-- a•-o-Galp •----• L-Ara/-- R' ,8- o-Galp C[--L--Rhap Figure $ Possible structural fragment in Acacia senegal gum Reproduced from J. Chem. Soc. (C) 1959 (1966) not unlikely that, while plant gums differ in detail, they may be assembled on one or perhaps two common structural frameworks which are relatively simple" certainly appears to be an over-simplification. Despite the more rapid progress of fundamental study during the past five years, therefore, a long programme of work remains before our knowledge of the structure, function, and biosynthesis of such complex and fascinating natural products could be regarded as adequate. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS These gum research studies could not have been undertaken without financial support from the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research the Science Research Council the Director of Forests, Sudanese Govern-
RECENT ADVANCES IN THE CHEMISTRY OF ACACIA GUMS 75 ment Messrs. Rowntree & Co. Ltd., (York) James Laing & Co. Ltd. (now Laing-National Ltd.) (Manchester) and Samuel Jones & Co. Ltd. (London). We thank the Editor and publishers of Carbohydrate Research for permission to reproduce Figs. I and 2 Tables I-V. Fig. 3 is reproduced from the Journal of the Chemical Society. (Received: 1st July 1969) REFERENCES (1) Mantell, C. L. The Water-Soluble Gums (1947) (Reinhold, New York). (2) Mantell, C. L. in Natural Plant Hydrocolloids 20 (1954) (American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C.). (3) Greenberg, L. A. and Lester, D. Handbook of Cosmetic Materials 19 (1954) (Interscience, New York). (4) Whistler, R. L. Industrial Gums (1959). (Academic Press, New York). (5) Tindale, M.D. private communication. (6) Bentham, G. Trans. Linn. Soc. London, $0 444 (1875). (7) Anderson, D. M. W. and Dea, I. C. M. Phytochemistry, 8 167 (1969). (8) Kaplan, M. and Stephen, A.M. Tetrahedron, 193 (1967). (9) Hirst, E. L. and Perlin, A. S. J. Chem. Sot., 2622 (1954) Aspinall, G. O., Hirst, E. L. and Nicholson, A. J. Chem. Sot., 1697 (1959). (10) Aspinall, G. O., Carlyle, J. j. and Young, R. Carbohydrate Res., ? 421 (1968). (11) Anderson, D. M. W., Hirst, Sir E. L. and Stoddart, J. F. J. Chem. Soc. (C), 1476 (1967). (12) Anderson, D. M. W. and Dea, I. C. M., Carbohyd. Res., 8 448 (1968). (13) Anderson, D. M. W. and Karamalla, K. A. Carbohyd. Res., 9. 403 (1966). (14) Anderson, D. M. W. and Cree, G. M., Carbohyd. Res., 6 385 (1968}. (15) Anderson, D. M. W., Dea, I. C. M. and Hirst, Sir E. L. Carbohyd. Res., 8 460 (1968). (16} Anderson, D. M. W. and Munro, A. C. Carbohyd. Res. 12 9 (1970). (17) Anderson, D. M. W., Dea, I.C.M. and Smith, R. N. Carbohyd. Res., ? 320 (1968}. (18) Anderson, D. M. W., Hirst, Sir E. L. and Stoddart, J. F. J. Chem. Soc. (C), 1959 (1966). (19) Goldstein, I. J., Hay, G. W., Lewis, B. A. and Smith, F. Hbs. Papers Hmer. Chem. Sot., i35 3D (1959). (20) Anderson, D. M. W. and Dea, I. C. M., Carbohyd. Res., i0 161 (1969}. (21) Good, R. The Geography of Flowering Plants, 243 (1965) (Longroans, London) (22) Anderson, D. M. W., Dea, I. C. M., Karamalla, K. A. and Smith, J. F. Carbohyd. Res., 6 97 (1968). (23) Anderson, D. M. W. and Stoddart, J. F. Carbohyd. Res., 2 104 (1966}. (24) Anderson, D. M. W. and Rahman, S. Carbohyd. Res., 4 298 (1967). (25) Anderson, D. M. W. and Stoddart, J. F. Analyt. Chim. Acta, 84 401 (1966). (26) Anderson, D. M. W. and Stoddart, J. F. Laboratory Practice, i6 841 (1967). (27) Anderson, D. M. W., Dea, I. C. M. and Munro, A. C. Carbohyd. Res., 9 363 (1969). (28) Anderson, D. M. W. and Karamalla, K. A. J. Chem. Sot., 762 (1966). (29) Anderson, D. M. W. and Herbich, M. A. J. Chem. Sot., 1 (1963). (30) Anderson, D. M. W. and Karamalla, K. A. Carbohyd. Res., 2 403 (1966). (31) Anderson, D. M. W. and Cree, G. M. Carbohyd. Res., 6 214 (1968). (32) Anderson, D. M. W. and Smith, R. N. Carbohyd. Res., 4 55 (1967}. (33) Briggs, D. R. J. Phys. Chem., 38 867 (1934). (34) Schleif, R. H., Higuchi, J. and Busse, L. W. J. Am. Pharm. Sot., 40 98 and 221 (1951). (35) Anderson, D. M. W., Cree, G. M., Marshall, J. J. and Rahman, S. Carbohyd. Res., 2 63 (1966). (36) Anderson, D. M. W., King, N. J. and (the late) Smith, J. F. (unpublished results). (37) Anderson, D. M. W. and Hendrie, A. forthcoming publication. (38} Anderson, D. M. W. and Munro, A. C. Carbohyd. Res., il 43 (1969).
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