516 JOURNAL OF COSMETIC SCIENCE 100 80 :� 60 c,;S '@) 40 ---Cinnamon leaf --o--Oove bud c,;S 20 VJ ----+-BHA 0 0 10 50 100 150 200 Concentration (µg/mL) Figure 2. DPPH radical scavenging activity in different concentrations of cinnamon leaf essential oil, clove bud essential oil, and BHA. 100 � e..., 80 -- Jasmine absolute :� 60 --o--Thyme red ----+-BHA CQ '6i) 40 CQ 20 VJ 0 0 100 500 1000 1500 2000 Concentration (µg/mL) Figure 3. DPPH radical scavenging activity in different concentration of jasmine absolute essential oil, thyme red essential oil, and BHA. following order: eugenol cinnamon leaf essential oil cx-pinene �-caryophyllene and that the eugenol is the major component of the DPPH free-radical scavenging activity in cinnamon leaf essential oil. In the previous report, the pure eugenol and the equiva­ lent mass of eugenol from basil (Ocimum basilicum 1.) essential oil show similar DPPH free-radical scavenging activity (2 5 ). In Table IV, three major chemical compositions of clove bud are shown to be detected by GC-MS. We detected eugenol (82.32%), eugenol acetate (11.17%), and �­ caryophyllen (4.75%). To investigate the DPPH free-radical scavenging activity of the three major components in clove bud essential oil, the following experiments were conducted. In a concentration of 0.1 mg/ml, pure eugenol, �-caryophyllene, eugenol acetate, and clove bud essential oil were employed in an experiment on the DPPH free-radical scavenging activity. In Figure 5, it is clear that the DPPH free-radical scavenging activity is in the following order: eugenol clove bud essential oil eugenol

DPPH FREE-RADICAL SCAVENGING ABILI1Y 517 Table III Variation in Content of Essential Oil Components from Cinnamon Leaf Peak number Ra t Compoundb Mol. wt.c Mol. f.d Area(%) 9.04 a-Pinene 136 C10H16 2.05 2 12.10 a-Phellandrene 136 C10H16 0.59 3 12.93 p-Cymene 134 C10H14 1.37 4 16.41 J3-Linalool 154 C10H1sO 1.33 5 24.45 Cinnamaldehyde 154 C 9 H8O 0.19 6 25.13 Safrole 162 C10H18O2 0.96 7 27.87 Eugenol 164 C10H1202 82.87 8 28.75 Copaene 204 C1sH24 0.78 9 30.61 J3-Caryophyllene 204 C1sH24 3.40 10 31.83 Cinnamyl acetate 176 C11H1202 0.74 11 32.10 a-Caryophyllene 204 C1sH24 0.50 12 34.63 Eugenol acetate 206 C12H1403 2.00 13 44.03 Benzyl benzoate 212 C14H1202 1.86 * Unknown 1.36 a R,: Retention time (min). 6 The components were identified by their mass spectra and retention indicators (Rls), the Wiley and NIST mass spectral databases, and the previously published Rls. c Mol. wt: molecular weight. d Mol. f.: molecular formula. 100 80 t -� 60 "i 71.1 63.3 40 20 1.S 4.18 0 a-Pilcne f}-Carophylk:ne Cinumn leaf Concentratm (0. lm&'mL) Figure 4. DPPH radical scavenging activity of three pure chemical components of cinnamon leaf compared with its essential oils at a concentration of 0.1 mg/ml. acetate �-caryophyllene and that the eugenol is also the major component of the DPPH free-radical scavenging activity in clove bud essential oil. The DPPH free-radical scavenging activity, GC-MS, and work-up of jasmine absolute and thyme red essential oils were similar to those used in cinnamon leaf and clove bud essential oils. In Table V, there are twelve compounds: benzyl alcohol, p-cresol, �-linalool, benzyl acetate, indole, eugenol, jasmone, J3-farnesene, benzyl benzoate, isophytol, phytol, and squalene in jasmine absolute essential oil, and the two major compounds are benzyl