Figure 5. A-D: Microphotographs of emulsions. A Figure 5A. Emulsion 1. Immediately after mixing (x 100). B Figure 5B: Emulsion 2. Top: immediately after mixing (x 100) middle: after 10 hours, top layer (x200) bottom: after 10 hours, sedimented part (x 100).

210 JOURNAL OF COSMETIC SCIENCE Figure 5C: Emulsion 3. Top: immediately after mixing (x100) bottom: after 12 hours, bottom layer (x200). results of light-scattering intensity (Table II). The latter fraction gives the maximum water solubilization in the oil phase, forming a W/O microemulsion of 46% water, 16% phenethyl alcohol, and 38% surfactant. This composition is in equilibrium with an aqueous solution of 1.5% alcohol and only trace amounts of surfactant. Surfactant fractions in the range 0.70-0.97 give emulsions with two dispersed phases: the W/O microemulsion mentioned earlier and a lameliar liquid crystal with a composition of 49.3% water, 1.5% phenethyl alcohol, and 49.2% surfactant. The amount of the two phases at equilibrium is given in Table I, showing the increase of the liquid crystalline phase with the increased amount of surfactant. The stability of the emulsions is demonstrated in Figure 4A, B. As expected, the emulsion of alcohol and water was extremely unstable (Figure 4A), completely separat- ing in 40 minutes (Table III). The microphotograph of the emulsion (Figure 5A) showed a wide droplet size distribution and some aggregates, illustrating a dilute unstabilized emulsion. Emulsion 2 (Figure 5B) showed similar size distribution (top picture), but the stability against coalescence was improved as demonstrated by the concentrated emul- sion in the sedimented part (Figure 5B, bottom picture). Emulsion 3 also had similar initial size distribution (Figure 5C, top photograph), but creaming in this case led to coalescence and phase separation and no photograph could be obtained of the creamed layer. Emulsion 4 was unstable against coalescence the widening size distribution prior to creaming illustrates this fact (Figure 5D). Emulsion 5 showed a large separation of a