Bought/ Sample name Texture Color obtained in "Ethmart" Powder Red Yemen (said to be (Saana, old no label) souk inside (Y9) city walls) "Hashmi® Kajal" Greasy Black Yemen ('real version') (Saana, souk (B&W tube) outside old (with emblem) city gate) (Y4) "Hashmi® Kajal'' Greasy Black Yemen ('fake version') (Saana, souk (B&W tube) outside old (no emblem) city gate) (YS) "Hashmi Kohl Powder Black Yemen Aswad" (Saana, souk (no emblem) outside old (Y6) city gate) None Powder Grey- Yemen (No label) (shiny) black (Aden) (Yl) None Powder Grey- Yemen (No label) (shiny) black (Aden) (Y2) None Powder Grey- Yemen (No label) (shiny) black (Saadh souk) (Y3) Table II Traditional Eye Cosmetics ("Kohls") Used in Yemen SEM Made/ (in decreasing XRPD mined in order of peak ht.) Main phase Yemen Fe, C, 0, Si, Ca, Iron oxides (Saada Al, S/Pb, P (Na) (Hematite + mountain) goethite) (Fe203 + FeO (OH)) Pakistan Zn, C, 0, S/Pb Zincite (ZnO) (Karachi) C, 0, S2 Amorphous Zn, 0, cN carbon z ZinciteN Pakistan Zn, C, 0, Zincite (Karachi) S/Pb India Zn,C,O Zincite (Mumbai) Yemen Pb, S, C, 0 Galena (mountains of N. Yemen/ Saudi Arabia) Yemen Pb, S, C, 0 Galena (mountains of N. Yemen/ Saudi Arabia) Yemen Pb, S, C, 0 Galena (mountains, north of Saana) XRPD Minor phase(s) Quartz (Si02 ) Galena (PbS) (Calcite (CaC03)) (Talc/ Alumino- silicate) (Galena) (Paraffin wax) (Paraffin wax)N, z (Amorphous carbon)N (Paraffin wax) (Galena) (Unknown) (Amorphous carbon) None (Anglesite (PbS04)) (Cerussite (PbC0 3 )) (Sphalerite (ZnS)) (Anglesite) (Cerussite) � � Data++ Data++ on on medical contents? effects? N N 0 y N C (qual.) z y z NZ NN NN t""'" 0 y N "Tj (qual.) n 0 Cf) t:d """"1 Y* Y* n (qual.) Cf) n t:d z N N n t:d N N N N

None Powder Grey Yemen (No label) (Saana, old (Y7) souk inside city walls) None Lump (Silver-) Yemen (No label) (shiny) Grey (Saana, old (YS) souk inside city walls) None Powder Black Yemen (No label) (matte) (Saana, old (YlO) souk inside city walls) * Translated from Arabic. + Phases in parentheses are at approx. 5 % or less each. Not given (Yemen?) Not given (Yemen?) Saudi Arabia (Mecca) Si, C, Ca, 0, Al, K, Fe, S (Mg, Ti, Na) Pb, S, C (0) Pb, S, 0, C + + This refers only to information on the container or on an enclosed leaflet. N Data from a previous study on kohls from Abu Dhabi city (8). z Data from a previous study on kohls from the United Arab Emirates (2). Quartz Galena Galena (Calcite) (Unknown) Cerussite Anglesite Anglesite (Cerussite) N N N N N N n l: trJ � 1--1 n n 0 � ""Ci 0 Cf) 1--1 ..., 1--1 0 z 0 'Tj 0 l: r � � 0 V1