ADHERENCE OF VEGETABLE B•kTH OILS 621 •'•: :• •.:•, I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 I0 II 12 Figure 5. Thin-layer chromatogram of the various bath oils and the lipid sequentially ex- tracted from control keratin. Lanes 1 and 2 are mineral oil plus PEG-400 and RC-520, re- spectively. Lanes 3 and 4 are cottonseed oil plus PEG-400 and RC-520, respectively. Lanes 5 and 6 are so•bean oil plus PEG-400 and RC-520, respectively. Lanes 7 and 8 are total lipids from ether $oxhlet extraction and chloroform:methanol extraction (different concen- trations applied). Lanes 9, 10, 11, and 12 are serial extractions by water, hexane, diethyl ether, and chloroform:methanol, respectively (20 tzl of 1-cc extract solution applied). (a) Phospholipids, oxidized neutral lipids, surfactants (b) free steroIs (c) free fatty acids (d) triglycerides (e) sterol esters (f) hydrocarbons large amounts of naturally occurring hydrocarbon-like material were removed froin the dehydrated keratin. Gas-liquid chromatography (Fig. 7) of the hydrocarbon spot on the thin-layer plates shows that these hydrocarbons are not mineral oil but apparently naturally occurring ma- terials. More definitive studies will have to be undertaken to identify the chemical nature of these materials. When thin-layer chromatograms froin cottonseed oil and soybean oil experiments were compared, there was evidence to indicate that these oils were not as efficient as mineral oil in extracting natural oils. However, since the data were analyzed purely on a visual basis, quantitative evidence will have to be obtained to sub- stantiate this latter statement.

622 JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF COSMETIC CHEMISTS i'. I • • 4 5 6 7 8 9 io •i i• Figure 6. Tldn-laycr chrOlllatogranl Of total lipid extracts and serial extractions of dehy- drated keratin exposed to mineral oil plus PEG-400 and mineral oil plus RC-520 bath oil preparations. Lanes 1 and 7, total keratin lipids ether Soxhlet extract. Lanes 2 and 8, total lipids from chloroform:methanol extracts (different concentrations applied). Lanes 3, 4, 5, and 6, serial extracts of keratin exposed to mineral oil plus PEG-400 bath oil preparations. Lanes 9, 10, 11, and 12, serial extractions of keratin exposed to mineral oil plus RC-520 bath oil preparations. (a) Phospholipids, oxidized neutral lipids. surfactants (b) free steroIs (c) free fatty acids (d) triglyceride (e) sterol esters (f) hydrocarbons l,'igure 7. Gas-liquid chromatogram of a water extract of dehydrated keratin exposed to 0.02% mineral oil plus PEG-400 bath emulsion. Components shown were taken from the hydrocarbon area of thin-layer chromatographic plates. No mineral oil hydrocarbon de- tected at 0.05-/•g level. Column: 1% OV-3 (silicone) liquid phase