439 HISTORY OF COSMETIC Hygiene in ancient India. In the olden days, Indian women did not use soaps but instead used a combination of grams of wheat husk flour combined with milk and turmeric ger- micidal creams. Wheat husk helps to remove dead cell tissues. Bathing cosmetic ubton is widely used in India even today (1). Ubton is a blend of Cicer arietinum (chickpea, a grain legume cultivated for its edible seeds), Curcuma longa (turmeric), and Santalum album (Indian sandalwood) used primarily for skin lightening and sun-protective properties (55). Betel leaves were used for darkening the lips. Saffron, agar, and chlorophyll green from nettle plants and indigo were used in body decorations (29). Hygiene in ancient China. Around 1600 BCE, the Chinese were using twigs of the aromatic tree as a toothbrush and therefore freshened the mouth, as well as cleaning it. The first toothbrush was invented in China in CE1000, which had an ivory handle and bristles made from horse’s mane. The first bristle toothbrush was also invented from China, which was made from hairs of the Siberian wild boar, which were fixed to a bamboo or bone handle (56). Chinese were using a detergent for bathing and cleaning, not soaps from ancient history. They were using tooth powder/toothpaste for cleaning their teeth. Major ingredients of tooth powder were ginseng, herbal mints, and salt (54). Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) TCM is a clinical and evidence-based medical system that is used to treat various diseases it has a history of more than 2,000 years in East Asian country. TCM mineral and herbal products are believed to be toxic but are still prescribed in the clinic (57). Nowadays TCM is used in dermatological related disorders and in atopic eczema, which proved resistant to orthodox treatment. The popularity of TCM produced fear about its uncer- tainty and toxicity about the ingredients. TCM natural products include material origi- nated from animal, mineral sources, and scientifically it is impossible to determine which component shows synergic effects or antagonistic actions (58). Due to the absence of its systemic pharmacology and toxicology assessment, TCM is not approved as a medicine in the Western countries. Nowadays most doctors and scientists are involved in investi- gating the toxicity and pharmacology of the TCM. TCM processing is a pharmaceutical system that transfers the raw material into a form that can be used in decoctions via the use of various adjuvants, such as vinegar, honey. TCM processing makes a major contribu- tion to the transition in chemical profile and the improvement in pharmacological effects and toxicity of TCM products (57). CONCLUSION Cosmetics are products that help in presenting and increasing the personality, beauty of human beings that has both medicinal and practical uses. The ancient science of cos- metology was founded in India and Egypt, but the earliest records of cosmetics and their application date back to the Indus Valley civilization, around 2500 and 1550 BCE. Ancient Egyptians started using cosmetics around 3500 BCE. Cosmetics alone are not sufficient to take care of the skin. It requires other ingredients to check the property of the skin. Plants and herbs have been used in cosmetic preparation since ancient times for simple remedies. Herbs that are used in China for cosmetics are widespread and these are biologically active for today’s cosmetics. The most commonly used herbs in India

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