Book Review THE FRAGRANCE AND FLAVOR INDUSTRY, Wayne E. Dotland and James A. Rogers, Jr., Wayne E. Dorland Com- pany, Box 264, Mendham, New Jersey, 1977, XV + 444 pages. Price $30.00 + $2.00 for postage and handling. This most comprehensive text dealing with the fragrance and flavor industry consists of 18 chapters covering almost every aspect of this subject. The authors have succeeded in presenting the subject material in a most interesting and enlightening manner. Chapter I educates the reader about the nature of fragrances and flavor while Chapter II indicates the role of a flavor and fragrance in the success of a product. Many examples of this are given and the authors recount many 6f the success stories about products we all are familiar with. It was of particular interest to this reviewer to read about the start of the "Wrigley" empire and the success which followed. The same can be said of products such as "Coca-Cola," "Yardley's Lavender," "Shulton's Old Spice" and many others. Chapter III gives the reader an insight into how the fragrances and flavors are developed by quoting many of the individuals in the industry. Defini- tions, classification of both flavors and fragrances, and natural and synthetic raw materials are covered in Chapters IV through VIII in a most comprehensive manner. Some of the most important properties of each material is covered. The history and anatomy of the in- dustry (Chapters IX and X) make worth- while reading material since it gives the reader a personal insight into the fragrance and flavor industry. The history is covered by giving a brief review of the accomplishments of different individuals and the role they played in developing specific fragrance and flavor companies. Most of the present-day companies are in- cluded along with the names of the indi- viduals associated with them. The newcomer to the industry will enjoy reading Chapter XI since it deals with production processes and equip- ment. It was interesting and educational to read about the "enfieurage process," "distillation," "solvent extraction," "expression" and the other methods used to produce these materials. It gives much of the necessary background information to the formulator of cosmetic products which will enable one to better utilize these products. The scientific side of the industry has also been covered in Chapter XII which has been authored by Dr. Ernst Theimer. He covers in detail the composition of various materials and the basic chemistry involved. The remainder of the chapter is devoted to the use of instrumental analysis for the identification of each component. The use of gas chromatog- 742

JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF COSMETIC CHEMISTS 743 raphy for perfumes and fragrances is cov- ered in great detail. Various spec- trometers including UV, IR and mass spectrometer are included along with methods which will utilize a computer hookup. The use of the "nose" as an analytical instrument is not forgotten and its use is indicated. The final chapters include a discussion of quality control (Chapter XIII), product safety and regulations (Chapter XIV), and a description of various associations re- lated to essential oils and the perfume and fragrance industry (Chapter XV). It is interesting to note that our own SCC is included along with a description of our activities. Chapter XVI reviews the many journals, magazines and books concerned with this industry and is entitled, "We Share Our Knowledge." It is only fitting that one of the final chapters be concerned with "People" and the im- portant role they play in the industry. The training necessary to develop suitable skills to function properly in the industry is covered. The authors also include job descriptions for people in the industry along with suitable qualification. The final chapter is devoted to some statistics of the industry. This reviewer has had a great difficulty in putting this book aside rather than reading it from "cover to cover" in one sitting. The authors are to be congratu- lated on this accomplishment since this book represents a "must" for anyone concerned with any aspect of the develop- ment of cosmetic products and any other product containing a fragrance or flavor. It should be required reading for all newcomers to the industry. Not only is this book an "encyclopedia of fact," but it makes reading enjoyable while one is learning. I recommend that it be on the literature shelf of every laboratory or office.--JOHN J. SCIARRA--Arnold & Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences. SYNTHETIC DETERGENTS, 6th Edition, A. Davidsohn and B. M. Milwidsky, Halsted Press, New York 1978 VIII q- 265 pages. Price $25.00. In the preface, the authors state that "this is a work by practical men for practical men" and, in general, they have accomplished this objective quite well. This book is intended primarily for the manufacturing chemist in the detergent field and it should be very useful for that purpose. However, for cosmetic chemists and others working with surfactants, it could be of inestimable value to know how these detergents are prepared, what methods are used in their quality control, and their applications. A knowledge of all phases of production of raw materials one uses in cosmetic and pharmaceutical development can be very useful in tracing down troublesome problems in stability, component interation and packaging in- tegrity. The first chapter deals with the development of the detergent industry and is brief but comprehensive. Next the authors deal with principle groups of synthetic detergents--anionics, cationics, and non-ionics and their constituent subgroups. Again brevity is the rule, but not at the expense of accuracy and comprehension. Such things as basic structural formulas, common methods of preparation, and salient characteristics of each group are catalogued. This chapter is followed by one dealing with inorganic components of detergents, builders and other additives covering such groups as phosphates, silicates, carbonates, oxygen- releasing materials and sundry inorganic builders. A whole chapter is devoted to sundry organic builders such as anti-rede- position agents, thickening agents, optical brighteners, chelating agents, hydrotropes, enzymes, bacteriostats, amines and solvents. Chapters five and six deal with the synthesis and manufacture