SKIN PRODUCT EVALUATION BY JUDGES 445 presented according to a randomization schedule unique for each judge and attribute. Reference products representing low and high intensities for each attribute were used in evaluating the test products. Products such as petroleum jelly (greasiness, oiliness, residue), mineral oil (shine, spreadability) and lanolin (rub-in, drag) were used as refer- ences. Untreated skin was also used as a "none" reference for some attributes. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS The source data used in the statistical analyses were the skinfeel scores assigned by a trained panel of judges to five products. The data for each attribute were evaluated by analysis of variance (ANOVA) techniques (5). The factors examined in the ANOVA were judge and product. The least significant difference test (LSD) was performed whenever significant product differences were observed. Table I Results of Least Significant Difference Test for Attributes With Significant Differences (Scale: 0 = None 10 = High) 1. Appearance/thickness Product code Product means Sig. diff. (p 5 0.05) D 9.7778 D vs A, E, B, C A 7.3333 A vs E, B, C E 4.8333 E vs C B 4.7778 B vs C C 3.9444 2. Rub-in/spreadability Product code Product means Sig. diff. (p 5 0.05) E 3. 7778 E vs D, C, A B 3. 3889 B vs D, C, A D 1.9722 D vs A C 1.9167 A 1.4167 3. Appearance of skin/shine Product code Product means E 8.3889 B 7.8611 C 6.6944 D 3.6944 A 2.8333 4. Immediate a•er•el/residue Sig. diff. (p 5 0.05) EvsC, D, A BvsC, D,A CvsD, A Product code Product means Sig. diff. (p 5 0.05) E 7.2778 B 5.1389 C 3.7778 D 1.8889 A 1.0833 5. Immediate a•erkel/drag Product code Product means B 5.4444 EvsB, C, D, A BvsC, D, A CvsD, A Sig. diff. (p 5 0.05) BvsC, A, D, E (continued)

446 JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF COSMETIC CHEMISTS Table I (continued) C 4.3611 C vs E A 3.9167 D 3.5556 E 3. 0000 6. Immediate afterfeel/oiliness/greasiness Product code Product means Sig. diff. (p 5 0.05) E 7.1111 E vs B, C, D, A B 5.7500 B vs C, D, A C 3. 5667 C vs D, A D 2.0000 A 1.4167 7. Delayed afterfeel/residue (5 min) Product code Product means Sig. diff. (p : 0.05) E 4.4167 E vs C, D, A B 3.6389 B vs C, D, A C 2.2500 C vs D, A D 0.5833 A 0.2778 8. Delayed afterfeel/residue (15 min) Product code Product means Sig. diff. (p 5 0.05) E 2.8611 E vs C, D, A B 1.9722 B vs D, A C 1. 1667 C vs D, A D O.5556 A 0.0278 9. Delayed afterfeel/residue (30 min) Product code Product means Sig. diff. (p : 0.05) E 1.7222 E vs C, A, D B 1.1111 BvsA, D C 0.5000 A 0.0000 D 0.0000 10. Rate of absorption (no. rotations) Product code Product means Sig. diff. (p 5 0.05) E 120.00 E vs C, A, D, B C 96.28 C vs D, B A 92.78 A vs B D 82.78 D vs B B 63.28 RESULTS The results of the ANOVA indicated significant differences (P _ 0.05) between products at each attribute. The results of the least significant difference test for at- tributes with significant product differences appear in Table I. A graphic illustration of these results appears in Figure 1.