402 JOURNAL OF COSMETIC SCIENCE Specular reflection at the back surface: (0YcB + 0BYc) - Os = (0•cx + 0cx•) + Os Refraction at the front surface (the reflected light from the back surface to the view- point): nO sin (OYvc +Ovcv + Os) = nl sin (O•vc + Os) Finally, the visual angle between the front and back surface reflections (0v) was obtained as a function of the curl radius (Rc): OV = OFVC - OYVC ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The authors express their gratitude to Mr. Itomi Homma, Director of the Hair Care Laboratories of the Kao Corporation, for helpful discussions and guidance. Thanks are also due to Professor Keiji Uchikawa of the Tokyo Institute of Technology for helpful discussions on visual perception. REFERENCES (1) S. Nagase, S. Shibuichi, K. Ando, E. Kariya, and N. Satoh, Influence of internal structures of hair fiber on hair appearance I. Light scattering from porous structure of the medulla of human hair, J. Cosmet. Sci., 53, 89-100 (2002). (2) S. Nagase, S. Shibuichi, K. Ando, E Kariya, M. Okamoto, R. Yakawa, A. Mamada, and N. Satoh, Light-scattering control at the medulla enhances human hair shine: Internal structures of hair fiber and its shine (I), Proceedings of 21st IFSCC Congress, 153-159 (2000). (3) I. J. Kaplin, A. Schwan, and H. Zahn, Effects of cosmetic treatments on the ultrastructure of hair, Cosmet. Toiletrs, 97, 22-26 (1982). (4) S. Nagase, S. Shibuichi, M. Ohshika, M. Okamoto, Y. Masukawa, H. Shimogaki, H. Satoh, A. Mamada, and N. Satoh, Structure factors of hair fiber influencing beautiful appearance of hair: Internal structures of hair fiber and its shine (II), Proceedings of21st IFSCC Congress, P-36 in CD-ROM (2000). (5) M. Okamoto, A. Mamada, R. Yakawa, S. Inoue, S. Nagase, S. Shibuichi, and N. Satoh, Hole generation mechanisms in hair medulla and its repairing technique: Internal structures of hair fiber and its shine (III), Proceedings of21st IFSCC Congress, P-37 in CD-ROM (2000). (6) R. F. Stamm, M. L. Crarcia, and J. J. Fuchs, The optical properties of human hair. I. Fundamental consideration and goniophotometer curves, J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem., 28, 571-599 (1977). (7) R. F. Stamm, M. L. Crarcia, and J. J. Fuchs, The optical properties of human hair. II. The luster of hair fiber, J. Soc Cosmet. Chem., 28, 601-609 (1977). (8) H. K. Bustard and R. W. Smith, Investigation into the scattering of light by human hair, Appl. Optics, 30, 3485-3491 (1991). (9) W. Czepluch, G. Hohm, and K. Tolkiehn, Gloss of hair surfaces: Problems of visual evaluation and possibilities for goniophotometric measurements of treated strands,J. Soc Cosmet. Chem., 44, 299-318 (1993). (10) L.J. Wolfram and L. Albrecht, Chemical- and photo-bleaching of brown and red hair, J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem., 82, 179-191 (1987). (11) E. B. Goldstein, Sensation and Perception, 5 th ed. (Brooks/Cole, Pacific Grove, CA, 1999) pp. 215-241.

j. Cosmet. Sci., 53, 403-407 (November/December 2002) AUTHOR INDEX TO VOLUME 53 AI-Bawab, A., Phase behavior of the o•-hydroxyactanoic acid/Laureth 4/white oil/water system and preliminary evaluation of the phase changes during evaporation of its emulsion, 151 Areario, $., Basement membrane damage, a sign of skin early aging, and laminin 5, a key player in basement membrane care (Abstract, JSCC Japan), 193 Anderson, J., Fermentation and biotransformation: Promising routes to novel actives for the cosmetics industry (2002 Annual Scientific Seminar), 304 Ando, K., see Nagase, S., 89 Ando, M., see Uchino, T., 287 Aquino, R., see Bonina, F., 321 Arakane, K., see Kitazawa, M., 197 Araki, N., see Inoue, S., 196 Ayannides, C. A., Stability estimation of emulsions of isopropyl myristate in mixtures of water and glycerol, 165 Bae, J.-T., see Lee, B.-C., 307 Balick, M., Frontiers of Science Award lecture sponsored by Cosmetics and Toiletties (2001 Annual Scientific Meeting), 68 Barnhart, S. D., Pressure sensitive adhesive systems for topical and transdermal cosmetic applications (2001 Annual Scientific Meeting), 66 Beau, P., see Perrier, E., 60 Bergstresser, P., Sunlight and skin: An immunologist's point of view (2002 Annual Scientific Seminar), 312 Blankschtein, D., Challenging the monomer skin penetration model: Penetration of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) micelles into the epidermis (2002 Annual Scientific Seminar), 302 Boissy, R. E., see Epstein, H., 143 see Minwalla,L., 145 Bonina, F., In vitro antioxidant and in vivo photoprotective effects of a lyophilized extract of Capparis spinosa L. buds, 321 Bordin, G., see Vincent, U., 43,101 Branka, J.-E., see Perrier, E., 60 see Tholon, L., 209 Brockway, B., see Kulkarni, V. S., 297 Buschmann, H.-J., Applications of cyclodextrins in cosmetic products: A review, 185 Caswell, M., Comparison of the moisturization efficacy of two vaginal moisturizers: Pectin versus polycarbophil technologies, 81 Chang, I. S., see Yoo, B. H., 175 see Kim, C., 363 Chaudhuri, R. K., Low molecular weight tannins as a new class of skin-lightening agent (2002 Annual Scientific Seminar), 305 Chen, X., see Kamath, Y., 137 Chesne, C., see Tholon, L., 209 Cboe, T.-B., see Lee, B.-C., 307 Chung, Y., see Tokunaga, H., 288 Dabres, G. H., Targeted penetration and release of ascorbic acid by the use of multiple phase technology (2002 Annual Scientific Seminar), 293 de Capariis, P., see Bonina, F., 321 Dederin, J. C., see Wiechers, J. W., 141 Delvaux, M., The GraphiSenses methodology: Identifying skin care opportunities from a new perspective (2001 Annual Scientific Meeting), 76 Dhanorkar, V. T., Development and characterization of rosin-based polymer and its application as a cream base, 199 Dicanio, D., see Pelle, E., 237 Dorle, A. K, see Dhanorkar, V. T., 199 Dukhin, A., see Fairhurst, D., 70 Endo, N., The method of evaluation for facial sag by the analysis of topography around nasolabial groove (Abstract, JSCC Japan), 241 Epstein, H., Elastase inhibition assay as a tool 403