4 14 JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF COSMETIC CHEMISTS RESULTS CONCENTRATION AND PERCEIVED INTENSITY In the course of the experiment, each respondent rated the intensity of each "solution" shirt four times and of each "body" shirt twice. Since an analysis of variance showed no systematic difference betweent the four (or two, resp.) ratings, they were combined in the calculations for Table III. The correlation between concentration and intensity was examined using the non-parametric test for group trend of Jonckheere and Bower (7). This test combines the rank correlation coefficient T between concentration and indi- vidual ratings to an overall standard normal deviate. The z-scores (one-tail test) were highly significant for all test substances, both for female and male respondents (Table IV). As Table III indicates, the T-shirts worn by females were, on the average, rated lower for odor intensity than were those worn by males. Table Ilia Intensity Ratings of "Solution" Shirts Intensity I Women Men W + M Substance (n = 29) (n = 30) (n = 59) Sol. 2 Mean 3 + SD Mean + SD Mean + SD Androstenol 1 4.00 1.57 3.66 1.52 3.83 1.53 2 3.32 1.40 3.37 1.59 3.35 1.48 3 2.78 1.29 2.89 1.25 2.84 1.26 4 2.21 0.82 2.52 0.84 2.37 .83 5 2.44 1.06 2.71 1.02 2.58 1.04 Av. 1-5 2.98 .93 3.05 1.06 3.02 .99 III 1 3.27 1.44 3.41 1.45 3.34 1.43 2 2.82 1.11 3.00 1.16 2.91 1.13 3 2.83 1.11 2.98 1.22 2.91 1.16 4 2.41 1.05 2.38 0.88 2.40 .96 5 2.41 0.89 2.71 1.20 2.56 1.06 Av. 1-5 2.77 .85 2.92 .98 2.84 .91 II 1 4.92 1.83 5.03 1.91 4.98 1.85 2 4.31 1.54 4.17 1.58 4.24 1.62 3 3.70 1.60 3.43 1.65 3.57 1.61 4 3.28 1.29 3.18 1.24 3.23 1.25 5 2.93 1.37 3.18 1.18 3.06 1.26 Av. 1-5 3.85 1.30 3.84 1.36 3.84 1.31 CPD 1 3.13 1.15 3.31 1.24 3.22 1.18 2 2.66 0.93 3.02 1.17 2.84 1.07 3 2.28 0.93 2.64 0.98 2.46 1.00 4 2.64 0.87 2.92 1.17 2.79 1.02 5 2.28 1.06 2.57 1.05 2.43 1.05 Av. 1-5 2.62 .76 2.92 .95 2.77 .87 0 = extremely weak 8 = extremely strong. For concentrations, see Table II. Four replicadons from each respondent enter into the calculation of these means.

HUMAN BODY ODOR 415 Table IIIb Intensity Ratings of "Body" Shirts Women Men W+M Women's shirts Mean 3 + SD Mean + SD Mean + SD Day 1 1 2.00 .96 2.40 .03 2.21 .90 2 2.79 1.31 3.00 1.31 2.90 1.29 3 5.57 1.45 5.87 1.25 5.72 1.33 4 2.00 .68 2.47 1.36 2.24 1.09 5 3.00 1.47 3.47 1.64 3.24 1.55 6 2.93 1.22 2.93 1.39 2.93 1.28 7 3.60 1.45 2.67 1.29 3.13 1.43 8 4.07 1.62 3.33 1.76 3.70 1.71 9 2.87 1.73 2.40 1.84 3.63 1.77 10 2.60 1.68 2.07 1.03 2.33 1.40 Day 2 hv. 11 3.64 1.22 3.40 1.59 12 3.43 1.09 3.60 1.06 13 3.36 1.08 3.20 1.26 14 3.14 .66 3.67 .98 15 3.00 1.24 3.53 .83 16 3.07 1.67 3.33 1.68 17 3.87 1.60 3.73 1.71 18 3.47 1.55 3.00 1.81 19 3.07 1.44 3.27 1.53 20 2.53 1.36 2.73 1.07 1-20 2.96 2.96 3.52 1.40 3.52 1.06 3.28 1.16 3.41 .87 3.28 1.07 3.20 1.65 3.80 1.63 3.23 1.68 3.17 1.46 2.63 1.61 2.96 3 Two replications from each respondent enter into the calculation of these means. CONCENTRATION AND PLEASANTNESS The mean pleasantness ratings for the "solution" shirts and the "body" shirts are listed in Table V. These values are Based on three replicated pleasantness judgements for each shirt by each respondent groups I (pleasantness ratings on day 1) and II (pleasantness ratings on day 2 compare Table I) were combined for the "solution" shirts only. The scale used (see Figure 2) ran from 0 = extremely unpleasant to 8 = extremely pleasant. The correlation Between pleasantness and concentration was calculated for each of the test substances, using the two-tailed non-parametric group trend test (7) (Table VI). The most striking finding is the very high negative correlation Between concentration and pleasantness for androstenol and also for substances II and III. Cyclopentadecano- lide shows a totally different pattern in this respect: pleasantness does not correlate significantly with concentration, and in this case the correlation coefficients are posi- tive. The mean pleasantness rating of the T-shirts worn by women was near the midpoint of the scale. The women's shirts were, on the average, rated somewhat more pleasant than were the shits worn by men. The difference in rating Between the most pleasant and the least pleasant shirt was much higher for the shirts worn by men than for the shirts worn by women (Table XI).