526 JOURNAL OF COSMETIC SCIENCE
osmostenicizing elements identified in human-specific acidophilic microflora cultures.
Both exert their function at the subliminal level and therefore should be included in target
products in minimal amounts so to remain below the threshold of perception.
The olfactory signals released by the woman change with her fertility status and the
woman’s perception by the man varies accordingly. The positive perception of women
by men can be maintained by providing the woman personal care products that contain
female pheromones. These pheromones will be sustainably released overtime by the woman
and will generate a constant olfactory signal. It has been handed down that this was already
understood by the women of the Middle Ages who used their vaginal fluids to perfume
their cheeks.
The woman exposed to male pheromones is more confident, less confused, less depressed,
and less angry and is therefore in an ideal state to react positively to any type of human
interaction. These observations have been confirmed in a double-blind study carried out
for five months between 2000 and 2001 with 26 stable heterosexual couples having lived
together for at least five years, aged between 25 and 45, in good general health conditions,
not under drug treatment, who did commit not to change their lifestyle habits.10–16 The
synthetic substitutes of male and female human pheromones or their placebos were added
to a moisturizing emulsion and to a deodorant gel. Males received either placebos (P) or
products with male pheromone MP, and females received either placebo (P) or products
with female pheromones (FP). They were applied on skin areas daily, once, or more often,
according to the free choice of the participants. The test was carried out between October
and February in order to avoid the influence of pollen and other products such as solar
products that could affect the results. Every month the applied product was changed. The
chronology of application was:
1 2nd 3 4th st rd month P/P month P/MF month FP/MP month: :::F P month P/P /:5th
The aim of the research was to verify if, and to what extent, the two substitutes constitute
and enhance the natural osmostenicizing compound in a pheromonic sense. The results
show that the substances used had a remarkable effect when they were simultaneously
administered to both members of the couple. As a matter of fact, the interpersonal
relationship within a couples, assessed according to the positive evaluation of the partner’s
scent seems to be increase in the month when the male partner applies male pheromones,
and the female partner applies female pheromones. The positive effect of balanced overload
therefore confirms that well-balanced pairs are normally in pheromonal harmony.
CONCLUSION
Olfactory signals are an integral and fundamental part of our existence. The examples
could be dozens, from the interaction and recognition of the mother-baby, to the increase
or decrease of fertility, to the alignment of the menstrual period between isolated women
living together.
The supplement of pheromone-mimetic substances, when properly operated, has shown to
be of support in both sexes being able to contribute to an improvement on an individual
and collective basis in terms of mood, acceptance, relationship, and emotional.
527 THE ROLE OF PERSONAL SCENT
REFERENCES
(1) Roberts SC, Gosling LM, Carter V, Petrie M. MHC-correlated odour preferences in humans and the use
of oral contraceptives. Proc Biol Sci. 2008 December 7 275(1652):2715–2722. doi:10.1098/rspb.2008.0825
(2) Miller G, Tybur JM, Jordan BD. Ovulatory cycle effects on tip earnings by lap dancers: economic evidence
for human estrus?☆ Evol Hum Behav. 2007 28(6):375–381. doi:10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2007.06.002
(3) Kuukasjarvi S. Attractiveness of women’s body odors over the menstrual cycle: the role of oral
contraceptives and receiver sex. Behav Ecol. 2004 15(4):579–584. doi:10.1093/beheco/arh050
(4) BBC News, HEALTH. The magic of sexual attraction published 2020. News.bbc.co.uk. http://news.
bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/236046.stm. Accessed December 9, 2020.
(5) Relata Tecnica Web site http://www.relata.info, Issues, Articles of 2000 International Electronic Journal
on Dermopharmacological Research. Dermopharmaceutical Technology and Related Cosmetic Subjects
1 Y2K MAN AND PHEROMONAL COMMUNICATION F. Ligabue Stricker Teacher of Human
Ecology Faculty of Science. University of Turin. Italy XIII Seminario Vevy Europe.
(6) Birnbaum S, Birnbaum GE, Ein-Dor T. Can contraceptive pill affect future offspring’s health? The
implications of using hormonal birth control for human evolution. Evol Psychol Sci. 2017 3(2):89–96.
doi:10.1007/s40806-016-0074-4
(7) Stoddart DM. Human odor culture: a zoological perspective. In: Van Toller S, Dodd GH, eds. Perfumery:
the Psychology and Biology of Fragrance. Champman &Hall 1988:3–17.
(8) Friebely J, Rako S. Pheromonal influences on sociosexual behavior in postmenopausal women. J Sex Res.
2004 41(4):372–380. doi:10.1080/00224490409552244
(9) Tamagawa A, Gerlinskaya LA, Nagatomi R, Moshkin MP. Female Pheromone and Physical Exercise
Improve Endocrine Status in Elderly Japanese Men. Anti-Aging Med. 2008 5(6):57–62. doi:10.3793/
jaam.5.57
(10) Bonetto A, Mariani E, Rialdi VPM. Studi Preliminari Sulla Potenziale Attività Feromonica di Agenti
Fissativi dell’Odore Impiegati in Formulazioni Cosmetiche [University of Genoa Experimental Thesis] -
Degree Course in Pharmacy 2001.
(11) Goethe JW. Die Wahlverwandtschaften [Elective Affinities]. Wegner Verlang 1809.
(12) Süskind P 1985. Das Parfum: die Geschichte eines Mörders [Perfume: the story of a murderer]. Diogenes
Verlag AG, Zurigo.
(13) Lattes Coifmann I 2001. L’olfatto, il senso emarginato [Smell, the marginalized sense]. Tutto Scienze, la
Stampa 990. Turin.
(14) Ligabue Stricker F. I feromoni: conoscenze attuali e brevi cenni sugli esperimenti in corso [Pheromones:
current knowledge and brief notes on ongoing experiments]. Antropol Contemp. 1991 14.
(15) Ligabue Stricker F, Mazzone M. Percezione di sostanze biologicamente significative e livelli di
gonadotropin nell’uomo [Perception of biologically relevant substances and gonadotropin levels in man],
X congress of Italian anthropologists, Pisa 1993.
(16) Ligabue Stricker F, Amoroso A, Cerrutti N. Antigeni di istocompatibilità e percezione olfattiva nell’uomo
[Histocompatibility antigens and olfactory perception in man] congress of Italian anthropologists,
Isernia. Vol XI 1995.
AUTHORS’ BIOGRAPHIES
Paolo Giacomoni acts as an independent consultant to the Skin Care industry and is Head
of R&D with L-Raphael Beauty Institutes, Geneva, Switzerland.He has served as CSO of
Élan Rose International (2015-2018), as VP of Skin Care R&D with Herbalife (2011-2014)
and was Executive Director of Research at Estée Lauder (1998-2011). Dr. Giacomoni was
also in charge of research and communications for Clinique and has conducted research on
cell and surface biochemistry for best-selling products.
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Extracted Text (may have errors)

526 JOURNAL OF COSMETIC SCIENCE
osmostenicizing elements identified in human-specific acidophilic microflora cultures.
Both exert their function at the subliminal level and therefore should be included in target
products in minimal amounts so to remain below the threshold of perception.
The olfactory signals released by the woman change with her fertility status and the
woman’s perception by the man varies accordingly. The positive perception of women
by men can be maintained by providing the woman personal care products that contain
female pheromones. These pheromones will be sustainably released overtime by the woman
and will generate a constant olfactory signal. It has been handed down that this was already
understood by the women of the Middle Ages who used their vaginal fluids to perfume
their cheeks.
The woman exposed to male pheromones is more confident, less confused, less depressed,
and less angry and is therefore in an ideal state to react positively to any type of human
interaction. These observations have been confirmed in a double-blind study carried out
for five months between 2000 and 2001 with 26 stable heterosexual couples having lived
together for at least five years, aged between 25 and 45, in good general health conditions,
not under drug treatment, who did commit not to change their lifestyle habits.10–16 The
synthetic substitutes of male and female human pheromones or their placebos were added
to a moisturizing emulsion and to a deodorant gel. Males received either placebos (P) or
products with male pheromone MP, and females received either placebo (P) or products
with female pheromones (FP). They were applied on skin areas daily, once, or more often,
according to the free choice of the participants. The test was carried out between October
and February in order to avoid the influence of pollen and other products such as solar
products that could affect the results. Every month the applied product was changed. The
chronology of application was:
1 2nd 3 4th st rd month P/P month P/MF month FP/MP month: :::F P month P/P /:5th
The aim of the research was to verify if, and to what extent, the two substitutes constitute
and enhance the natural osmostenicizing compound in a pheromonic sense. The results
show that the substances used had a remarkable effect when they were simultaneously
administered to both members of the couple. As a matter of fact, the interpersonal
relationship within a couples, assessed according to the positive evaluation of the partner’s
scent seems to be increase in the month when the male partner applies male pheromones,
and the female partner applies female pheromones. The positive effect of balanced overload
therefore confirms that well-balanced pairs are normally in pheromonal harmony.
CONCLUSION
Olfactory signals are an integral and fundamental part of our existence. The examples
could be dozens, from the interaction and recognition of the mother-baby, to the increase
or decrease of fertility, to the alignment of the menstrual period between isolated women
living together.
The supplement of pheromone-mimetic substances, when properly operated, has shown to
be of support in both sexes being able to contribute to an improvement on an individual
and collective basis in terms of mood, acceptance, relationship, and emotional.
527 THE ROLE OF PERSONAL SCENT
REFERENCES
(1) Roberts SC, Gosling LM, Carter V, Petrie M. MHC-correlated odour preferences in humans and the use
of oral contraceptives. Proc Biol Sci. 2008 December 7 275(1652):2715–2722. doi:10.1098/rspb.2008.0825
(2) Miller G, Tybur JM, Jordan BD. Ovulatory cycle effects on tip earnings by lap dancers: economic evidence
for human estrus?☆ Evol Hum Behav. 2007 28(6):375–381. doi:10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2007.06.002
(3) Kuukasjarvi S. Attractiveness of women’s body odors over the menstrual cycle: the role of oral
contraceptives and receiver sex. Behav Ecol. 2004 15(4):579–584. doi:10.1093/beheco/arh050
(4) BBC News, HEALTH. The magic of sexual attraction published 2020. News.bbc.co.uk. http://news.
bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/236046.stm. Accessed December 9, 2020.
(5) Relata Tecnica Web site http://www.relata.info, Issues, Articles of 2000 International Electronic Journal
on Dermopharmacological Research. Dermopharmaceutical Technology and Related Cosmetic Subjects
1 Y2K MAN AND PHEROMONAL COMMUNICATION F. Ligabue Stricker Teacher of Human
Ecology Faculty of Science. University of Turin. Italy XIII Seminario Vevy Europe.
(6) Birnbaum S, Birnbaum GE, Ein-Dor T. Can contraceptive pill affect future offspring’s health? The
implications of using hormonal birth control for human evolution. Evol Psychol Sci. 2017 3(2):89–96.
doi:10.1007/s40806-016-0074-4
(7) Stoddart DM. Human odor culture: a zoological perspective. In: Van Toller S, Dodd GH, eds. Perfumery:
the Psychology and Biology of Fragrance. Champman &Hall 1988:3–17.
(8) Friebely J, Rako S. Pheromonal influences on sociosexual behavior in postmenopausal women. J Sex Res.
2004 41(4):372–380. doi:10.1080/00224490409552244
(9) Tamagawa A, Gerlinskaya LA, Nagatomi R, Moshkin MP. Female Pheromone and Physical Exercise
Improve Endocrine Status in Elderly Japanese Men. Anti-Aging Med. 2008 5(6):57–62. doi:10.3793/
jaam.5.57
(10) Bonetto A, Mariani E, Rialdi VPM. Studi Preliminari Sulla Potenziale Attività Feromonica di Agenti
Fissativi dell’Odore Impiegati in Formulazioni Cosmetiche [University of Genoa Experimental Thesis] -
Degree Course in Pharmacy 2001.
(11) Goethe JW. Die Wahlverwandtschaften [Elective Affinities]. Wegner Verlang 1809.
(12) Süskind P 1985. Das Parfum: die Geschichte eines Mörders [Perfume: the story of a murderer]. Diogenes
Verlag AG, Zurigo.
(13) Lattes Coifmann I 2001. L’olfatto, il senso emarginato [Smell, the marginalized sense]. Tutto Scienze, la
Stampa 990. Turin.
(14) Ligabue Stricker F. I feromoni: conoscenze attuali e brevi cenni sugli esperimenti in corso [Pheromones:
current knowledge and brief notes on ongoing experiments]. Antropol Contemp. 1991 14.
(15) Ligabue Stricker F, Mazzone M. Percezione di sostanze biologicamente significative e livelli di
gonadotropin nell’uomo [Perception of biologically relevant substances and gonadotropin levels in man],
X congress of Italian anthropologists, Pisa 1993.
(16) Ligabue Stricker F, Amoroso A, Cerrutti N. Antigeni di istocompatibilità e percezione olfattiva nell’uomo
[Histocompatibility antigens and olfactory perception in man] congress of Italian anthropologists,
Isernia. Vol XI 1995.
AUTHORS’ BIOGRAPHIES
Paolo Giacomoni acts as an independent consultant to the Skin Care industry and is Head
of R&D with L-Raphael Beauty Institutes, Geneva, Switzerland.He has served as CSO of
Élan Rose International (2015-2018), as VP of Skin Care R&D with Herbalife (2011-2014)
and was Executive Director of Research at Estée Lauder (1998-2011). Dr. Giacomoni was
also in charge of research and communications for Clinique and has conducted research on
cell and surface biochemistry for best-selling products.

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