372 JOURNAL OF COSMETIC SCIENCE
countries (Brazil, China, France, Russia, and the United States).65 The study included
7,170 individuals who reported they complied with containment procedures. Among
those, 20.9% (1,500 out of 7,170) responded that their skin condition had worsened due to
containment. The three main reported changes were drier skin (44.5%), skin rash (29.3%),
and greasier skin (27%). The investigators suggested that wearing masks and stress may
have contributed to skin condition changes. Subjects were then divided into a group with
SSS including 3,410 individuals (47.6%), who reported they had sensitive or very sensitive
facial skin, along with a group including 3,760 individuals (52.4%), who had skin that was
not very sensitive or not at all sensitive. Individuals in the group with SSS were more likely
to report skin changes during containment compared with the group who had nonsensitive
skin (27.7% versus 14.8%, respectively, p 0.00001).
As mentioned previously, the authors’ laboratory developed and validated an instrument to
assess the potential impact of various consumer products on QoL (i.e., the FQoL™).50,51 We
were conducting a study among 63 healthy women aged 23–54 years old for a consumer
product using the FQoL™ when the COVID-19 pandemic hit. We took advantage of this
study to gain insights on the impact of COVID-19 on the different FQoL™ domains and
subdomains. Responses to the instrument had been collected on February 19, 2020, which
was prior to the March 15, 2020 pandemic stay-at-home orders (i.e., pre-COVID-19). A
second set of responses was collected in the early days of the stay-at-home mandate (i.e.,
early COVID-19), and a third set was collected after 24 days of at-home confinement (i.e.,
day 24 of COVID-19 on April 7, 2020). Results of the domain analyses in the previously
unpublished study are presented in Figure 5. We observed a significant decline in overall
QoL and in the Well-Being domain and the Energy and Vitality domain.
When subdomains were further evaluated (Table V), everyone exhibited a significant
worsening of scores. One very interesting finding was within the Personal Pleasure
subdomain. This subdomain includes questions about things individuals do for leisure and
recreation. A large percentage of respondents (71.4%) checked the “not applicable” option,
which is a true reflection of an absence of activities during the stay-at-home orders.
CONCLUSION
Many dermatological diseases are associated with psychological problems such as depression,
anxiety, stress, and sleep disorders. The same can be said for SSS. Although SSS does not
present with objectively treatable signs and symptoms, individuals with SSS can suffer
from the same psychological problems. In addition, individuals with SSS are more likely to
suffer from comorbidities and other skin disorders such as acne, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis,
rosacea, vitiligo, or contact dermatitis. This can lead to feelings of helplessness and worry
that can further exacerbate symptoms of SSS such as itching and irritation and can result in
sleep disorders, fatigue, stress, and anxiety. Conversely, lack of sleep and stress from these
sources can make the SSS sufferer more prone to the symptoms. This can therefore lead to
a vicious psychological cycle that can deeply impact consumers’ well-being.
Individuals with SSS have also identified a wide array of external factors that can trigger
their physiological symptoms, including weather and environmental conditions, along with
exposure to a multitude of household and personal products. Attempts to avoid such factors
to circumvent the onset of SSS symptoms can impact their social freedom, with results
such as restriction of outdoor and/or indoor activities important for emotional interactions,
373 Sensitive Skin Syndrome
Figure 5. Effect of COVID-19 confinement on QoL. The study was conducted among 63 healthy women
aged 23–54 years old. Responses to the FQoL™ were collected prior to the 2020 pandemic stay-at-home
orders (February 19, 2020), 3 days after the March 15 stay-at-home orders (March 18), and 24 days after the
stay-at-home orders (April 7). Mean scores for the overall QoL (A), the Well-Being domain (B), and the Energy
and Vitality domain (C) are presented. The subdomains and domains were averages of responses to individual
items within that grouping, and means were. evaluated using a paired t-test. The two-sided p values are
reported. All analyses were done using JMP Pro version 14.2.0 and SAS 9.4 (Baiyang Wang-lead Statistician,
JMP, Cary, NC).
Table V
QoL Pre- and Post-COVID-19 Stay-At-Home Orders
FQoL™ Evaluation timepoint in 2020 (mean scores)
Domains and subdomains Pre-COVID-19
(February 19)
Early COVID-19
(March 18)
Day 24 COVID-19
(April 7)
Overall QoL 4.14* 3.63* 3.57*
Well-Being domain 4.76* 4.51* 4.32*
Emotion subdomain 4.88* 4.44* 4.35*
Self-Image subdomain 4.37* 4.32* 4.05*
Self-Competence subdomain 5.44* 5.14* 4.93*
Energy and Vitality domain 5.12* 4.72* 4.26*
Personal Pleasure subdomain 5.27* 4.76* 4.22*
Physical State subdomain 4.53* 4.38* 4.18*
Routine Activity subdomain 5.71* 5.16* 4.51*
*Significant, p 0.05.
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Volume 75 No 5 - Sustainability Special Issue - Open Access resources

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372 JOURNAL OF COSMETIC SCIENCE
countries (Brazil, China, France, Russia, and the United States).65 The study included
7,170 individuals who reported they complied with containment procedures. Among
those, 20.9% (1,500 out of 7,170) responded that their skin condition had worsened due to
containment. The three main reported changes were drier skin (44.5%), skin rash (29.3%),
and greasier skin (27%). The investigators suggested that wearing masks and stress may
have contributed to skin condition changes. Subjects were then divided into a group with
SSS including 3,410 individuals (47.6%), who reported they had sensitive or very sensitive
facial skin, along with a group including 3,760 individuals (52.4%), who had skin that was
not very sensitive or not at all sensitive. Individuals in the group with SSS were more likely
to report skin changes during containment compared with the group who had nonsensitive
skin (27.7% versus 14.8%, respectively, p 0.00001).
As mentioned previously, the authors’ laboratory developed and validated an instrument to
assess the potential impact of various consumer products on QoL (i.e., the FQoL™).50,51 We
were conducting a study among 63 healthy women aged 23–54 years old for a consumer
product using the FQoL™ when the COVID-19 pandemic hit. We took advantage of this
study to gain insights on the impact of COVID-19 on the different FQoL™ domains and
subdomains. Responses to the instrument had been collected on February 19, 2020, which
was prior to the March 15, 2020 pandemic stay-at-home orders (i.e., pre-COVID-19). A
second set of responses was collected in the early days of the stay-at-home mandate (i.e.,
early COVID-19), and a third set was collected after 24 days of at-home confinement (i.e.,
day 24 of COVID-19 on April 7, 2020). Results of the domain analyses in the previously
unpublished study are presented in Figure 5. We observed a significant decline in overall
QoL and in the Well-Being domain and the Energy and Vitality domain.
When subdomains were further evaluated (Table V), everyone exhibited a significant
worsening of scores. One very interesting finding was within the Personal Pleasure
subdomain. This subdomain includes questions about things individuals do for leisure and
recreation. A large percentage of respondents (71.4%) checked the “not applicable” option,
which is a true reflection of an absence of activities during the stay-at-home orders.
CONCLUSION
Many dermatological diseases are associated with psychological problems such as depression,
anxiety, stress, and sleep disorders. The same can be said for SSS. Although SSS does not
present with objectively treatable signs and symptoms, individuals with SSS can suffer
from the same psychological problems. In addition, individuals with SSS are more likely to
suffer from comorbidities and other skin disorders such as acne, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis,
rosacea, vitiligo, or contact dermatitis. This can lead to feelings of helplessness and worry
that can further exacerbate symptoms of SSS such as itching and irritation and can result in
sleep disorders, fatigue, stress, and anxiety. Conversely, lack of sleep and stress from these
sources can make the SSS sufferer more prone to the symptoms. This can therefore lead to
a vicious psychological cycle that can deeply impact consumers’ well-being.
Individuals with SSS have also identified a wide array of external factors that can trigger
their physiological symptoms, including weather and environmental conditions, along with
exposure to a multitude of household and personal products. Attempts to avoid such factors
to circumvent the onset of SSS symptoms can impact their social freedom, with results
such as restriction of outdoor and/or indoor activities important for emotional interactions,
373 Sensitive Skin Syndrome
Figure 5. Effect of COVID-19 confinement on QoL. The study was conducted among 63 healthy women
aged 23–54 years old. Responses to the FQoL™ were collected prior to the 2020 pandemic stay-at-home
orders (February 19, 2020), 3 days after the March 15 stay-at-home orders (March 18), and 24 days after the
stay-at-home orders (April 7). Mean scores for the overall QoL (A), the Well-Being domain (B), and the Energy
and Vitality domain (C) are presented. The subdomains and domains were averages of responses to individual
items within that grouping, and means were. evaluated using a paired t-test. The two-sided p values are
reported. All analyses were done using JMP Pro version 14.2.0 and SAS 9.4 (Baiyang Wang-lead Statistician,
JMP, Cary, NC).
Table V
QoL Pre- and Post-COVID-19 Stay-At-Home Orders
FQoL™ Evaluation timepoint in 2020 (mean scores)
Domains and subdomains Pre-COVID-19
(February 19)
Early COVID-19
(March 18)
Day 24 COVID-19
(April 7)
Overall QoL 4.14* 3.63* 3.57*
Well-Being domain 4.76* 4.51* 4.32*
Emotion subdomain 4.88* 4.44* 4.35*
Self-Image subdomain 4.37* 4.32* 4.05*
Self-Competence subdomain 5.44* 5.14* 4.93*
Energy and Vitality domain 5.12* 4.72* 4.26*
Personal Pleasure subdomain 5.27* 4.76* 4.22*
Physical State subdomain 4.53* 4.38* 4.18*
Routine Activity subdomain 5.71* 5.16* 4.51*
*Significant, p 0.05.

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