520 JOURNAL OF COSMETIC SCIENCE
(107) Dinulos JGH, Mentele L, Fredericks LP, Dale BA, Darmstadt GL. Keratinocyte expression of human β
defensin 2 following infection: role in cutaneous host defense. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 2003 10(1):161-
166. doi:10.1128/cdli.10.1.161-166.2003
(108) Krisanaprakornkit S, Kimball JR, Weinberg A, Darveau RP, Bainbridge BW, Dale BA. Inducible
expression of human beta-defensin 2 by Fusobacterium nucleatum in oral epithelial cells: multiple
signaling pathways and role of commensal bacteria in innate immunity and the epithelial barrier. Infect
Immun. 2000 68(5):2907-2915. doi:10.1128/IAI.68.5.2907-2915.2000
(109) Li S, Huang H, Rao X, Chen W, Wang Z, Hu X. Phenol-soluble modulins: novel virulence-associated
peptides of staphylococci. Future Microbiol. 2014 9(2):203-216. doi:10.2217/fmb.13.153
(110) Yang G, Sau C, Lai W, Cichon J, Li W. Staphylococcus aureus virulent PSMα peptides induce
keratinocyte alarmin release to orchestrate IL-17-dependent skin inflammation. Science. 2015 344:1173-
1178. doi:10.1126/science.1249098.Sleep
(111) Harada A, Sekido N, Akahoshi T, Wada T, Mukaida N, Matsushima K. Essential involvement of
interleukin-8 (IL-8) in acute inflammation. J Leukoc Biol. 1994 56(5):559-564. doi:10.1002/jlb.56.5.559
(112) Farahmand S. Microbiom of compromised skin. In: Dayan N, ed. Skin Microbiome Handbook: from Basic
Research to Product Development. 1st ed. Scrivener Publishing LLC 2020:145-170.
(113) Bolla BS, Erdei L, Urbán E, Burián K, Kemény L, Szabó K. Cutibacterium acnes regulates the epidermal
barrier properties of HPV-KER human immortalized keratinocyte cultures. Sci Rep. 2020 10(1):12815.
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-69677-6
(114) Brown MM, Horswill AR. Staphylococcus epidermidis-Skin friend or foe? PLOS Pathog.
2020 16(11):e1009026. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1009026
(115) Fischer CL, Wertz PW. Effects of endogenous lipids on the skin microbiome. In: Dayan N, ed. Skin
Microbiome Handbook: from Basic Research to Product Development. 1st ed. Scrivener Publishing LLC
2020:219-236.
(116) Prohic A, Jovovic Sadikovic TJ, Krupalija-Fazlic M, Kuskunovic-Vlahovljak S. Malassezia species
in healthy skin and in dermatological conditions. Int J Dermatology. 2016 55(5):494-504. doi:10.1111/
ijd.13116
(117) Stehlikova Z, Kostovcik M, Kostovcikova K, et al. Dysbiosis of skin microbiota in psoriatic patients:
co-occurrence of fungal and bacterial communities. Front Microbiol. 2019 10:438. doi:10.3389/
fmicb.2019.00438
(118) Napier RJ, Adams EJ, Gold MC, Lewinsohn DM. The role of mucosal associated invariant T cells in
antimicrobial immunity. Front Immunol. 2015 6:344. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2015.00344
(119) Gold MC, Lewinsohn DM. Mucosal associated invariant T cells and the immune response to infection.
Microbes Infect. 2011 13(8-9):742-748. doi:10.1016/j.micinf.2011.03.007
(120) Eckle SBG, Corbett AJ, Keller AN, et al. Recognition of vitamin B precursors and byproducts by mucosal
associated invariant T cells. J Biol Chem. 2015 290(51):30204-30211. doi:10.1074/jbc.R115.685990
(121) Mak JYW, Liu L, Fairlie DP. Chemical modulators of mucosal associated invariant T cells. Acc Chem Res.
2021 54(17):3462-3475. doi:10.1021/acs.accounts.1c00359
(122) Ussher JE, Klenerman P, Willberg CB. Mucosal-associated invariant T-cells: new players in anti-
bacterial immunity. Front Immunol. 2014 5:450. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2014.00450
(123) Constantinides MG, Link VM, Tamoutounour S, et al. MAIT cells are imprinted by the microbiota in
early life and promote tissue repair. Science. 2019 366(6464):445. doi:10.1126/science.aax6624
(124) Godfrey DI, Koay H-F, McCluskey J, Gherardin NA. The biology and functional importance of MAIT
cells. Nat Immunol. 2019 20(9):1110-1128. doi:10.1038/s41590-019-0444-8
(125) McWilliam HE, Villadangos JA, MR, MR. MR1: a multi-faceted metabolite sensor for T cell activation.
Curr Opin Immunol. 2020 64:124-129. doi:10.1016/j.coi.2020.05.006
(126) Tastan C, Karhan E, Zhou W, et al. Tuning of human MAIT cell activation by commensal bacteria
species and MR1-dependent T-cell presentation. Mucosal Immunol. 2018 11(6):1591-1605. doi:10.1038/
s41385-018-0072-x
(107) Dinulos JGH, Mentele L, Fredericks LP, Dale BA, Darmstadt GL. Keratinocyte expression of human β
defensin 2 following infection: role in cutaneous host defense. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 2003 10(1):161-
166. doi:10.1128/cdli.10.1.161-166.2003
(108) Krisanaprakornkit S, Kimball JR, Weinberg A, Darveau RP, Bainbridge BW, Dale BA. Inducible
expression of human beta-defensin 2 by Fusobacterium nucleatum in oral epithelial cells: multiple
signaling pathways and role of commensal bacteria in innate immunity and the epithelial barrier. Infect
Immun. 2000 68(5):2907-2915. doi:10.1128/IAI.68.5.2907-2915.2000
(109) Li S, Huang H, Rao X, Chen W, Wang Z, Hu X. Phenol-soluble modulins: novel virulence-associated
peptides of staphylococci. Future Microbiol. 2014 9(2):203-216. doi:10.2217/fmb.13.153
(110) Yang G, Sau C, Lai W, Cichon J, Li W. Staphylococcus aureus virulent PSMα peptides induce
keratinocyte alarmin release to orchestrate IL-17-dependent skin inflammation. Science. 2015 344:1173-
1178. doi:10.1126/science.1249098.Sleep
(111) Harada A, Sekido N, Akahoshi T, Wada T, Mukaida N, Matsushima K. Essential involvement of
interleukin-8 (IL-8) in acute inflammation. J Leukoc Biol. 1994 56(5):559-564. doi:10.1002/jlb.56.5.559
(112) Farahmand S. Microbiom of compromised skin. In: Dayan N, ed. Skin Microbiome Handbook: from Basic
Research to Product Development. 1st ed. Scrivener Publishing LLC 2020:145-170.
(113) Bolla BS, Erdei L, Urbán E, Burián K, Kemény L, Szabó K. Cutibacterium acnes regulates the epidermal
barrier properties of HPV-KER human immortalized keratinocyte cultures. Sci Rep. 2020 10(1):12815.
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-69677-6
(114) Brown MM, Horswill AR. Staphylococcus epidermidis-Skin friend or foe? PLOS Pathog.
2020 16(11):e1009026. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1009026
(115) Fischer CL, Wertz PW. Effects of endogenous lipids on the skin microbiome. In: Dayan N, ed. Skin
Microbiome Handbook: from Basic Research to Product Development. 1st ed. Scrivener Publishing LLC
2020:219-236.
(116) Prohic A, Jovovic Sadikovic TJ, Krupalija-Fazlic M, Kuskunovic-Vlahovljak S. Malassezia species
in healthy skin and in dermatological conditions. Int J Dermatology. 2016 55(5):494-504. doi:10.1111/
ijd.13116
(117) Stehlikova Z, Kostovcik M, Kostovcikova K, et al. Dysbiosis of skin microbiota in psoriatic patients:
co-occurrence of fungal and bacterial communities. Front Microbiol. 2019 10:438. doi:10.3389/
fmicb.2019.00438
(118) Napier RJ, Adams EJ, Gold MC, Lewinsohn DM. The role of mucosal associated invariant T cells in
antimicrobial immunity. Front Immunol. 2015 6:344. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2015.00344
(119) Gold MC, Lewinsohn DM. Mucosal associated invariant T cells and the immune response to infection.
Microbes Infect. 2011 13(8-9):742-748. doi:10.1016/j.micinf.2011.03.007
(120) Eckle SBG, Corbett AJ, Keller AN, et al. Recognition of vitamin B precursors and byproducts by mucosal
associated invariant T cells. J Biol Chem. 2015 290(51):30204-30211. doi:10.1074/jbc.R115.685990
(121) Mak JYW, Liu L, Fairlie DP. Chemical modulators of mucosal associated invariant T cells. Acc Chem Res.
2021 54(17):3462-3475. doi:10.1021/acs.accounts.1c00359
(122) Ussher JE, Klenerman P, Willberg CB. Mucosal-associated invariant T-cells: new players in anti-
bacterial immunity. Front Immunol. 2014 5:450. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2014.00450
(123) Constantinides MG, Link VM, Tamoutounour S, et al. MAIT cells are imprinted by the microbiota in
early life and promote tissue repair. Science. 2019 366(6464):445. doi:10.1126/science.aax6624
(124) Godfrey DI, Koay H-F, McCluskey J, Gherardin NA. The biology and functional importance of MAIT
cells. Nat Immunol. 2019 20(9):1110-1128. doi:10.1038/s41590-019-0444-8
(125) McWilliam HE, Villadangos JA, MR, MR. MR1: a multi-faceted metabolite sensor for T cell activation.
Curr Opin Immunol. 2020 64:124-129. doi:10.1016/j.coi.2020.05.006
(126) Tastan C, Karhan E, Zhou W, et al. Tuning of human MAIT cell activation by commensal bacteria
species and MR1-dependent T-cell presentation. Mucosal Immunol. 2018 11(6):1591-1605. doi:10.1038/
s41385-018-0072-x























































































































































































































